My 10-Year Journey After Kidney Transplant

  My 10-Year Journey After Kidney Transplant: The Hidden Secret of Staying Healthy I have successfully completed ten years of my journey after a kidney transplant, and I am grateful to say that I am living comfortably without major complications. I do not suffer from blood pressure problems, diabetes, or kidney function issues at present. Many people ask what the hidden secret behind this stable and healthy life is. The truth is simple but powerful: consistent discipline, strict adherence to medical advice, and a balanced lifestyle. There is no magic — only regular habits followed sincerely every day. The first and most important secret is that I take my medicines exactly as prescribed by my doctor. I never skip a dose, never delay it, and never adjust it on my own. Medication after a kidney transplant is not optional — it is life-supporting. These medicines protect the transplanted kidney and maintain balance in the body. I follow the timetable strictly. Even when I travel or feel...

Nutrition

 


All spaces of logical exploration face the accompanying issues to a more prominent or lesser degree, but since sustenance is so high on individuals' plan, the issues seem amplified. 


A changing world 


Albeit the water is sloppy and hard to cross, there have been considerable triumphs in the field of sustenance research. For example, researchers have discovered that nutrient C forestalls scurvyTrusted Source, that beriberiTrusted Source creates because of a thiamine inadequacy, and that nutrient D lack causes ricketsTrusted Source. 


In these cases, there is a connection between a specific compound and a particular condition. Notwithstanding, the image is once in a while so obvious. This is particularly evident when exploring conditions wherein various elements are influencing everything, like corpulence, osteoporosis, diabetes, or coronary illness. 


Additionally, nourishment related conditions have changed over the long haul: The most widely recognized dangers to wellbeing used to be lacks, while in Western nations today, gorging will in general be the essential concern. 


Understanding the job of food in wellbeing and illness is fundamental and merits consideration. In this element, we talk about a portion of the reasons that sustenance research is by all accounts so hesitant, troublesome, and out and out confounding. 


The 'wonderful' wholesome investigation 


In an optimal world, to comprehend the wellbeing effect of a given food — goji berries, for example — a trial would resemble this: 


Researchers enroll 10,000 members (the two guys and females, from a scope of identities and nationalities) and house them in a lab for a very long time. The researchers feed every individual precisely the same eating routine for the span of their visit, with one contrast: Half of the members burn-through goji berries clandestinely — maybe mixed into a blended organic product smoothie. 


Liquor and tobacco are prohibited for the length of the investigation. 


The members should likewise practice for a similar measure of time every day; if a few group practiced more, they may become better, paying little mind to their goji berry consumption. This would slant the information. 


Neither the specialists nor the members know about who is getting the goji berry smoothie; if the members realized they were getting a "superfood," they may profit with a self-influenced consequence. This supposed twofold blinding is crucial when running clinical preliminaries. 


During the long term study, the researchers screen the members' wellbeing seriously. This may include running customary blood tests and clinical imaging. 


Obviously, the cosmic expense of this sort of study is the absolute initially hindrance. Likewise, morals and fair say that this is past incomprehensible. 


For more science-upheld assets on sustenance, visit our committed center. 


In lieu of flawlessness 


Healthful examination needs to make a few concessions, as the ideal investigation is unattainable. Along these lines, in "observational examinations," nourishment researchers search for joins between what an individual devours and their flow or future condition of wellbeing. 


Observational investigations can be extraordinarily valuable. Utilizing this strategy, researchers demonstrated that tobacco causes cellular breakdown in the lungs and that activity is beneficial for us. 


In any case, these examinations are a long way from great. 


One issue with observational investigations is simply the specialists' dependence announced food admission. They request that members note down all that they eat for a set measure of time, or to recall what they ate previously. This could allude to yesterday or months sooner. 


Be that as it may, human review is a long way from awesome. Additionally, a few group may intentionally miss certain food things, for example, their third sweet treat of the day. Also, members don't generally know the specific size of their parts, or the full rundown of fixings in eatery or take-out food varieties, for example. 


Studies regularly pose inquiries about the drawn out effect of a dietary part on wellbeing. Be that as it may, analysts will in general take dietary data at only a couple of focuses on schedule. As a general rule, individuals' weight control plans can shift considerably over the direction of 10 years. 


The issues related with estimating supplement admission are imbued to such an extent that a few creators have alluded to self-detailing as a pseudoscienceTrusted Source. 


The part of industry 


These issues incited a profoundly basic investigation, which showed up in the diary PLOS OneTrusted Source, to pull separated information from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANESTrusted Source). 


The NHANES, which started during the 1960s, "is a program of studies intended to survey the wellbeing and dietary status of grown-ups and youngsters in the United States." Experts utilize the discoveries to direct general wellbeing strategy in the U.S. 


The essential technique for information assortment for the NHANES are 24-hour dietary review interviews. Analysts utilize this data to compute energy admission. 


The creators of the basic paper reason that "the capacity to assess populace patterns in caloric admission and produce observationally upheld public arrangement applicable to eat less carbs wellbeing connections from U.S. healthful reconnaissance is incredibly restricted." 


In an assessment piece, lead creator Edward Archer goes easy, clarifying that their paper illustrated "that around 40 years and a large number of dollars of U.S. healthful reconnaissance information were tragically inadequate. In [… ] sustenance the study of disease transmission [… ], these outcomes are typical." 


Here, we meet the two sided deal of industry: The PLOS One paper pronounces that financing for the basic investigation "was given by an unlimited examination award from The Coca-Cola Company." 


Industry subsidizing unquestionably doesn't nullify the discoveries of studies, yet it should incite us to think about what the funder may acquire from such examination. For this situation, an organization that produces sweet beverages may profit with destabilizing individuals' confidence in the examination that has considered their items unhealthful. 


Maybe this model is somewhat uncommon; all the more usually, an industry with a personal stake will support contemplates that show the advantages of an item. 


For instance, the California Walnut Commission consistently reserve researchTrusted Source reasoning that pecans are beneficial for us. In the mean time, one investigation upheld by the U.S. Highbush Blueberry Council gladly states in its theoretical: 


"[I]t is generally concurred that the standard utilization of delicious, ready blueberries can be unequivocally suggested." 


For additional on this theme, read our article on the sugar business and how it controlled logical talk in support of its. 


To emphasize, if an examination gets industry subsidizing, it doesn't imply that individuals ought to excuse the discoveries wild. In any case, it ought to give food to thought. 


Another examination in the diary PLOS Medicine took a gander at the effect of industry subsidizing of investigation into sodas, squeeze, and milk. 


The writers finish up, "Industry subsidizing of sustenance related logical articles may inclination ends for patrons' items, with possibly critical ramifications for general wellbeing." 


To add to the disarray, news sources will in general intensify these discoveries. In the event that, for example, an examination financed by a chocolate maker reasons that chocolate expands life, news sources will reliably repeat the determinations, frequently without a notice of the funders or a conversation of the investigation's constraints. 


Jumping into intricacy 


Another issue that appears to torment nourishment research is intricacy. Some of the time, an examination will zero in on the effect of only one explicit food thing or compound on a wellbeing result. This is somewhat simpler to oversee. 


Regularly, notwithstanding, studies will attempt to research the effect of a specific eating routine. The Mediterranean eating regimen, for example, has acquired a great deal of consideration over ongoing years. 


The trouble here is that one individual's form of the Mediterranean eating regimen could be totally different from someone else's rendition. For example, one individual may have one little glass of red wine, 25 olives, and an artichoke every day, while another person — who might be in a similar trial gathering of an investigation — might drink no wine and eat neither olives nor artichokes. 


A connected issue is that of substitution: If somebody eats no meat, for example, they are probably going to supplant meat with different wellsprings of protein, like beans or heartbeats. In this way, when contrasting eating regimens that contain meat and those that don't, any wellbeing impacts probably won't be because of the absence of meat however the expansion of different food varieties. 


Each sort of products of the soil contains a huge range of mixtures, and the sort and measure of these can shift contingent upon where they develop, how individuals transport and store them, and how they cycle and cookTrusted Source them. 


There are such countless factors to consider that in any event, when an examination discovers a genuinely critical outcome, it is hard to decide whether it really came from the food being scrutinized. 


Obviously, people are similarly pretty much as different as the food varieties they devour. Eating a solitary nut may furnish one individual with gainful supplements, while that equivalent nut could be lethal for somebody with a hypersensitivity.



 



 ā¤¤ा⤰्⤕ि⤕ ⤅⤍्ā¤ĩे⤎⤪ ⤕े ⤏⤭ी ⤏्ā¤Ĩा⤍ ⤏ंā¤Ŧं⤧ि⤤ ā¤Žुā¤Ļ्ā¤Ļों ⤕ा ⤅⤧ि⤕ ā¤Ē्ā¤°ā¤Žु⤖ ⤝ा ā¤•ā¤Ž ā¤šā¤Ļ ⤤⤕ ⤏ाā¤Žā¤¨ा ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šैं, ⤞े⤕ि⤍ ⤚ूं⤕ि ā¤ĩ्⤝⤕्⤤ि⤝ों ⤕ी ⤝ो⤜⤍ा ā¤Ē⤰ ⤜ीā¤ĩि⤕ा ⤇⤤⤍ी ⤅⤧ि⤕ ā¤šै, ⤇⤏⤞िā¤ ā¤Žुā¤Ļ्ā¤Ļे ā¤Ŧā¤ĸ़े ā¤šुā¤ ā¤Ē्⤰⤤ी⤤ ā¤šो⤤े ā¤šैं।



 ā¤ā¤• ā¤Ŧā¤Ļ⤞⤤ी ā¤Ļु⤍ि⤝ा



 ā¤šा⤞ां⤕ि ā¤Ēा⤍ी ⤟ेā¤ĸ़ा ā¤šै ⤔⤰ ā¤Ēा⤰ ⤕⤰⤍ा ā¤Žुā¤ļ्⤕ि⤞ ā¤šै, ⤜ीā¤ĩि⤕ा ⤅⤍ु⤏ं⤧ा⤍ ⤕े ⤕्⤎े⤤्⤰ ā¤Žें ⤕ाā¤Ģी ⤏ā¤Ģ⤞⤤ा ā¤Žि⤞ी ā¤šै।  ⤉ā¤Ļाā¤šā¤°ā¤Ŗ ⤕े ⤞िā¤, ā¤ļो⤧⤕⤰्⤤ा⤓ं ⤍े ā¤Ēा⤝ा ā¤šै ⤕ि ā¤Ēो⤎⤕ ⤤⤤्ā¤ĩ ⤏ी ⤏्⤕⤰्ā¤ĩी ⤕ो ⤰ो⤕⤤ा ā¤šै, ⤜ो ⤕ि ā¤Ŧे⤰ीā¤Ŧे⤰ी ā¤Ĩाā¤¯ā¤Žि⤍ ⤕ी ⤅ā¤Ē⤰्⤝ाā¤Ē्⤤⤤ा ⤕े ⤕ा⤰⤪ ā¤Ēैā¤Ļा ⤕⤰⤤ा ā¤šै, ⤔⤰ ā¤Ēो⤎⤕ ⤤⤤्ā¤ĩ ā¤Ąी ⤕ी ā¤•ā¤Žी ⤏े ⤰ि⤕े⤟्⤏ ā¤šो⤤ा ā¤šै।



 ā¤‡ā¤¨ ā¤Žाā¤Žā¤˛ों ā¤Žें, ā¤ā¤• ā¤ĩिā¤ļि⤎्⤟ ⤝ौ⤗ि⤕ ⤔⤰ ā¤ā¤• ā¤ĩिā¤ļे⤎ ⤏्ā¤Ĩि⤤ि ⤕े ā¤Ŧी⤚ ā¤ā¤• ⤏ंā¤Ŧं⤧ ā¤šो⤤ा ā¤šै।  ā¤šा⤞ां⤕ि, ⤛ā¤ĩि ⤕⤭ी-⤕⤭ी ⤇⤤⤍ी ⤏्ā¤Ē⤎्⤟ ā¤šो⤤ी ā¤šै।  ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤ĩिā¤ļे⤎ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े ⤉⤍ ⤏्ā¤Ĩि⤤ि⤝ों ⤕ी ⤖ो⤜ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤¯ ⤏्ā¤Ē⤎्⤟ ā¤šो⤤ा ā¤šै ⤜िā¤¨ā¤Žें ā¤ĩि⤭ि⤍्⤍ ⤤⤤्ā¤ĩ ā¤šā¤° ⤚ी⤜ ⤕ो ā¤Ē्⤰⤭ाā¤ĩि⤤ ⤕⤰ ā¤°ā¤šे ā¤šैं, ⤜ै⤏े ⤕ि corpulence, ⤑⤏्⤟ि⤝ोā¤Ēो⤰ो⤏ि⤏, ā¤Žā¤§ुā¤Žेā¤š, ⤝ा ⤕ो⤰ो⤍⤰ी ā¤Ŧीā¤Žा⤰ी।



 ā¤‡ā¤¸ā¤•े ⤅⤤ि⤰ि⤕्⤤, ⤞ंā¤Ŧी ⤅ā¤ĩ⤧ि ā¤Žें ā¤Ēो⤎⤪ ⤏ंā¤Ŧं⤧ी ⤏्ā¤Ĩि⤤ि⤝ां ā¤Ŧā¤Ļ⤞ ā¤—ā¤ˆ ā¤šैं: ⤭⤞ा⤈ ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ⤏ā¤Ŧ⤏े ā¤ĩ्⤝ाā¤Ē⤕ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े ā¤Žा⤍्⤝⤤ा ā¤Ē्⤰ाā¤Ē्⤤ ⤖⤤⤰ों ⤕ी ā¤•ā¤Žी ā¤šो⤤ी ā¤šै, ⤜ā¤Ŧ⤕ि ā¤†ā¤œ ā¤Ēā¤ļ्⤚िā¤Žी ā¤Ļेā¤ļों ā¤Žें, ⤏ाā¤Žा⤍्⤝ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े ⤗ो⤰⤜िं⤗ ⤆ā¤ĩā¤ļ्⤝⤕ ⤚िं⤤ा ā¤šो⤗ी।



 ā¤­ā¤˛ा⤈ ⤔⤰ ā¤Ŧीā¤Žा⤰ी ā¤Žें ⤭ो⤜⤍ ⤕े ⤕ाā¤Ž ⤕ो ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤ā¤¨ा ā¤Žौ⤞ि⤕ ā¤šै ⤔⤰ ā¤ĩि⤚ा⤰ ⤕⤰⤍े ⤝ो⤗्⤝ ā¤šै।  ⤇⤏ ⤤⤤्ā¤ĩ ā¤Žें, ā¤šā¤Ž ⤕ा⤰⤪ों ⤕े ā¤ā¤• ā¤šि⤏्⤏े ⤕े ā¤Ŧा⤰े ā¤Žें ā¤Ŧा⤤ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šैं ⤕ि ⤏⤭ी ⤖ा⤤ों ā¤Žें ⤜ीā¤ĩि⤕ा ⤅⤍ु⤏ं⤧ा⤍ ⤇⤤⤍ा ā¤िā¤ā¤•, ā¤Ē⤰ेā¤ļा⤍ी ⤔⤰ ā¤Ŧाā¤šā¤° ⤔⤰ ā¤Ŧाā¤šā¤° ⤭्ā¤°ā¤Žि⤤ ⤕⤰⤍े ā¤ĩा⤞ा ā¤šै।



 '⤅ā¤Ļ्⤭ु⤤' ⤏्ā¤ĩ⤏्ā¤Ĩ ⤜ां⤚



 ā¤ā¤• ⤇⤎्ā¤Ÿā¤¤ā¤Ž ā¤Ļु⤍ि⤝ा ā¤Žें, ⤕ि⤏ी ā¤Ļिā¤ ā¤—ā¤ ⤭ो⤜⤍ ⤕े ⤭⤞ा⤈ ā¤Ē्⤰⤭ाā¤ĩ ⤕ो ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤ā¤¨े ⤕े ⤞िā¤ - ⤉ā¤Ļाā¤šā¤°ā¤Ŗ ⤕े ⤞िā¤, ⤗ो⤜ी ā¤Ŧे⤰ी⤜ - ā¤ā¤• ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎⤪ ⤇⤏ ā¤¤ā¤°ā¤š ā¤šो⤗ा:



 ā¤ļो⤧⤕⤰्⤤ा 10,000 ⤏ā¤Ļ⤏्⤝ों (ā¤Ēā¤šā¤šा⤍ ⤔⤰ ⤰ा⤎्⤟्⤰ी⤝⤤ा ⤕े ā¤Ļा⤝⤰े ⤏े ā¤Ļो ā¤˛ā¤Ą़⤕े ⤔⤰ ā¤Žā¤šि⤞ाā¤ं) ⤕ो ⤍ाā¤Žां⤕ि⤤ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šैं ⤔⤰ ⤉⤍्ā¤šें ā¤Ŧā¤šु⤤ ⤞ंā¤Ŧे ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤¯ ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ā¤ā¤• ā¤Ē्⤰⤝ो⤗ā¤ļा⤞ा ā¤Žें ⤰⤖⤤े ā¤šैं।  ā¤ļो⤧⤕⤰्⤤ा ā¤Ē्⤰⤤्⤝े⤕ ā¤ĩ्⤝⤕्⤤ि ⤕ो ⤅ā¤Ē⤍ी ⤝ा⤤्⤰ा ⤕ी ⤅ā¤ĩ⤧ि ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ā¤ā¤• ā¤šी ⤖ा⤍े ⤕ी ā¤Ļि⤍⤚⤰्⤝ा ⤕ो ā¤ā¤• ā¤ĩिā¤Ē⤰ी⤤ ⤕े ⤏ाā¤Ĩ ⤖ि⤞ा⤤े ā¤šैं: ⤆⤧े ⤏ā¤Ļ⤏्⤝ ⤗ुā¤Ē्⤤ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े ⤗ो⤜ी ā¤Ŧे⤰ी⤜ ⤜⤞ा⤤े ā¤šैं - ā¤ļा⤝ā¤Ļ ā¤Žिā¤ļ्⤰ि⤤ ⤕ा⤰्ā¤Ŧ⤍ि⤕ ⤉⤤्ā¤Ēाā¤Ļ ⤚ि⤕⤍ी ā¤Žें ā¤Žिā¤ļ्⤰ि⤤ ā¤šो⤤े ā¤šैं।



 ā¤œां⤚ ⤕ी ⤅ā¤ĩ⤧ि ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ā¤ļ⤰ाā¤Ŧ ⤔⤰ ⤤ंā¤Ŧा⤕ू ā¤Ē्⤰⤤िā¤Ŧं⤧ि⤤ ā¤šैं।



 ā¤¸ā¤Ļ⤏्⤝ों ⤕ो ⤭ी ⤇⤏ी ā¤Ē्⤰⤕ा⤰ ā¤Ē्⤰⤤िā¤Ļि⤍ ā¤¸ā¤Žा⤍ ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤¯ ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ⤅⤭्⤝ा⤏ ⤕⤰⤍ा ⤚ाā¤šिā¤;  ⤝ā¤Ļि ⤕ु⤛ ā¤¸ā¤Žूā¤š ⤅⤧ि⤕ ⤅⤭्⤝ा⤏ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šैं, ⤤ो ā¤ĩे ⤅ā¤Ē⤍े ⤗ो⤜ी ā¤Ŧे⤰ी ⤕े ⤏ेā¤ĩ⤍ ā¤Ē⤰ ā¤Ĩोā¤Ą़ा ⤧्⤝ा⤍ ā¤Ļे⤤े ā¤šुā¤ ā¤Ŧेā¤šā¤¤ā¤° ā¤Ŧ⤍ ⤏⤕⤤े ā¤šैं।  ā¤¯ā¤š ⤜ा⤍⤕ा⤰ी ⤕ो ⤤ि⤰⤛ा ⤕⤰ ā¤Ļे⤗ा।



 ā¤—ो⤜ी ā¤Ŧे⤰ी ⤏्ā¤Žूā¤Ļी ⤕ि⤏े ā¤Žि⤞ ā¤°ā¤šी ā¤šै, ⤇⤏⤕े ā¤Ŧा⤰े ā¤Žें ⤍ ⤤ो ā¤ĩिā¤ļे⤎⤜्ā¤ž ⤜ा⤍⤤े ā¤šैं ⤔⤰ ⤍ ā¤šी ⤏ā¤Ļ⤏्⤝;  ⤅⤗⤰ ⤏ā¤Ļ⤏्⤝ों ⤕ो ā¤ā¤šā¤¸ा⤏ ā¤šु⤆ ⤕ि ⤉⤍्ā¤šें "⤏ुā¤Ē⤰ā¤Ģूā¤Ą" ā¤Žि⤞ ā¤°ā¤šा ā¤šै, ⤤ो ā¤ĩे ā¤ā¤• ⤏्ā¤ĩ-ā¤Ē्⤰⤭ाā¤ĩि⤤ ā¤Ē⤰ि⤪ाā¤Ž ⤕े ⤏ाā¤Ĩ ⤞ा⤭ा⤍्ā¤ĩि⤤ ā¤šो ⤏⤕⤤े ā¤šैं।  ⤕्⤞ि⤍ि⤕⤞ ā¤Ē्⤰ी⤞िā¤Žि⤍⤰ी ⤚⤞ा⤤े ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤¯ ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤Žा⤍ा ⤜ा⤤ा ā¤šै ⤕ि ā¤Ąā¤Ŧ⤞ ā¤Ŧ्⤞ा⤇ंā¤Ąिं⤗ ā¤Žā¤šā¤¤्ā¤ĩā¤Ēू⤰्⤪ ā¤šै।



 ā¤˛ंā¤Ŧी ⤅ā¤ĩ⤧ि ⤕े ⤅⤧्⤝⤝⤍ ⤕े ā¤Ļौ⤰ा⤍, ā¤ļो⤧⤕⤰्⤤ा ⤏ā¤Ļ⤏्⤝ों ⤕ी ⤭⤞ा⤈ ⤕ी ⤗ं⤭ी⤰⤤ा ⤏े ⤜ां⤚ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šैं।  ā¤‡ā¤¸ā¤Žें ā¤Ē्⤰ā¤Ĩा⤗⤤ ⤰⤕्⤤ ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎⤪ ⤔⤰ ⤍ैā¤Ļा⤍ि⤕ ​​ā¤‡ā¤Žे⤜िं⤗ ⤚⤞ा⤍ा ā¤ļाā¤Žि⤞ ā¤šो ⤏⤕⤤ा ā¤šै।



 ā¤œाā¤šि⤰ ā¤šै, ⤇⤏ ā¤¤ā¤°ā¤š ⤕े ⤅⤧्⤝⤝⤍ ⤕ा ā¤Ŧ्ā¤°ā¤š्ā¤Žांā¤Ąी⤝ ⤖⤰्⤚ ā¤Ēू⤰्⤪ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े ā¤Ē्⤰ा⤰ं⤭ि⤕ ā¤Ŧा⤧ा ā¤šै।  ⤇⤏ी ā¤¤ā¤°ā¤š, ⤍ै⤤ि⤕⤤ा ⤔⤰ ⤍ि⤎्ā¤Ē⤕्⤎ ā¤•ā¤šā¤¤े ā¤šैं ⤕ि ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤ ⤏े ā¤Ŧाā¤šā¤° ā¤šै।



 ā¤œीā¤ĩि⤕ा ā¤Ē⤰ ⤅⤧ि⤕ ā¤ĩि⤜्ā¤žा⤍-⤏ंā¤Ē⤍्⤍ ⤏ंā¤Ē⤤्⤤ि ⤕े ⤞िā¤, ā¤šā¤Žा⤰े ā¤Ē्⤰⤤िā¤Ŧā¤Ļ्⤧ ⤕ेंā¤Ļ्⤰ ā¤Ē⤰ ⤜ाā¤ँ।



 ā¤¨ि⤰्ā¤Ļो⤎⤤ा ⤕े ā¤Ŧā¤Ļ⤞े



 ā¤¸्ā¤ĩ⤏्ā¤Ĩ ⤜ां⤚ ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ⤕ु⤛ ⤰ि⤝ा⤝⤤ें ā¤Ļे⤍े ⤕ी ⤜⤰ू⤰⤤ ā¤šै, ⤕्⤝ों⤕ि ⤆ā¤Ļ⤰्ā¤ļ ⤜ां⤚ ⤅ā¤Ē्⤰ाā¤Ē्⤝ ā¤šै।  ⤇⤍ ā¤Ēं⤕्⤤ि⤝ों ⤕े ⤏ाā¤Ĩ, "⤅ā¤ĩ⤞ो⤕⤍ ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎ा⤓ं" ā¤Žें, ā¤Ēो⤎⤪ ā¤ļो⤧⤕⤰्⤤ा ā¤ā¤• ā¤ĩ्⤝⤕्⤤ि ⤕े ⤖ा⤍े ⤔⤰ ⤉⤍⤕े ā¤Ē्⤰ā¤ĩाā¤š ⤝ा ⤕⤞्⤝ा⤪ ⤕ी ⤭ā¤ĩि⤎्⤝ ⤕ी ⤏्ā¤Ĩि⤤ि ⤕े ā¤Ŧी⤚ ⤜ुā¤Ą़⤍े ⤕ी ⤖ो⤜ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šैं।



 ā¤…ā¤ĩ⤞ो⤕⤍ ⤏ंā¤Ŧं⤧ी ⤜ां⤚ ⤅⤏ा⤧ा⤰⤪ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े ā¤Žू⤞्⤝ā¤ĩा⤍ ā¤šो ⤏⤕⤤ी ā¤šै।  ⤇⤏ ⤰⤪⤍ी⤤ि ⤕ा ⤉ā¤Ē⤝ो⤗ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šुā¤, ā¤ļो⤧⤕⤰्⤤ा⤓ं ⤍े ā¤Ļि⤖ा⤝ा ⤕ि ⤤ंā¤Ŧा⤕ू ā¤Ģेā¤Ģā¤Ą़ों ā¤Žें ⤏े⤞ु⤞⤰ ⤟ू⤟⤍े ⤕ा ⤕ा⤰⤪ ā¤Ŧ⤍⤤ा ā¤šै ⤔⤰ ā¤¯ā¤š ⤗⤤िā¤ĩि⤧ि ā¤šā¤Žा⤰े ⤞िā¤ ā¤Ģा⤝ā¤Ļेā¤Žंā¤Ļ ā¤šै।



 ā¤•ि⤏ी ⤭ी ā¤Žाā¤Žā¤˛े ā¤Žें, ⤝े ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎ाā¤ं ā¤Žā¤šा⤍ ⤏े ā¤Ŧā¤šु⤤ ā¤Ļू⤰ ā¤šैं।



 ā¤…ā¤ĩ⤞ो⤕⤍ ⤏ंā¤Ŧं⤧ी ⤜ां⤚ ⤕े ⤏ाā¤Ĩ ā¤ā¤• ā¤Žुā¤Ļ्ā¤Ļा ⤕ेā¤ĩ⤞ ā¤ĩिā¤ļे⤎⤜्ā¤žों ⤕ी ⤍ि⤰्⤭⤰⤤ा ⤘ो⤎ि⤤ ⤭ो⤜⤍ ā¤Ē्⤰ā¤ĩेā¤ļ ā¤šै।  ā¤ĩे ⤅⤍ु⤰ो⤧ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šैं ⤕ि ⤏ā¤Ļ⤏्⤝ ā¤ā¤• ⤍िā¤ļ्⤚ि⤤ ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤¯ ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ⤜ो ⤕ु⤛ ⤭ी ⤖ा⤤े ā¤šैं ⤉⤏े ⤍ो⤟ ⤕⤰ें, ⤝ा ⤝ाā¤Ļ ⤰⤖ें ⤕ि ⤉⤍्ā¤šों⤍े ā¤Ēā¤šā¤˛े ⤕्⤝ा ⤖ा⤝ा ā¤Ĩा।  ā¤¯ā¤š ⤕⤞ ⤝ा ā¤Žā¤šी⤍ों ā¤Ēā¤šā¤˛े ⤕ी ⤓⤰ ⤇ā¤ļा⤰ा ⤕⤰ ⤏⤕⤤ा ā¤šै।



 ā¤œै⤏ा ⤭ी ā¤šो, ā¤Žा⤍ā¤ĩ ā¤¸ā¤Žी⤕्⤎ा ⤭⤝ा⤍⤕ ⤏े ā¤ā¤• ⤞ंā¤Ŧा ⤰ा⤏्⤤ा ⤤⤝ ⤕⤰⤤ी ā¤šै।  ⤇⤏⤕े ⤅⤤ि⤰ि⤕्⤤, ⤕ु⤛ ā¤¸ā¤Žूā¤š ⤜ा⤍ā¤Ŧूā¤ā¤•ā¤° ⤕ु⤛ ⤖ाā¤Ļ्⤝ ā¤Ēā¤Ļा⤰्ā¤Ĩों ⤕ो ⤝ाā¤Ļ ⤕⤰ ⤏⤕⤤े ā¤šैं, ⤉ā¤Ļाā¤šā¤°ā¤Ŗ ⤕े ⤞िā¤, ā¤Ļि⤍ ⤕ा ⤉⤍⤕ा ⤤ी⤏⤰ा ā¤Žी⤠ा ā¤ĩ्⤝ā¤ĩā¤šा⤰।  ⤇⤏⤕े ⤅⤞ाā¤ĩा, ⤏ā¤Ļ⤏्⤝ों ⤕ो ā¤†ā¤Ž ⤤ौ⤰ ā¤Ē⤰ ⤉⤍⤕े ⤭ा⤗ों ⤕े ā¤ĩिā¤ļि⤎्⤟ ⤆⤕ा⤰, ⤝ा ⤭ो⤜⤍ा⤞⤝ों ⤝ा ā¤Ŧाā¤šā¤° ⤞े ⤜ा⤍े ā¤ĩा⤞े ⤖ाā¤Ļ्⤝ ⤕ि⤏्ā¤Žों ā¤Žें ā¤Ģि⤕्⤏िं⤗ ⤕ा ā¤Ēू⤰ा ā¤ĩिā¤ĩ⤰⤪ ā¤¨ā¤šीं ā¤Ē⤤ा ā¤šो⤤ा ā¤šै, ⤉ā¤Ļाā¤šā¤°ā¤Ŗ ⤕े ⤞िā¤।



 ā¤…⤧्⤝⤝⤍ ⤍िā¤¯ā¤Žि⤤ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े ⤏्ā¤ĩा⤏्ā¤Ĩ्⤝ ā¤Ē⤰ ā¤ā¤• ā¤†ā¤šा⤰ ⤭ा⤗ ⤕े ⤍ि⤕ा⤞े ā¤—ā¤ ā¤Ē्⤰⤭ाā¤ĩ ⤕े ā¤Ŧा⤰े ā¤Žें ā¤Ēू⤛⤤ा⤛ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šैं।  ⤜ै⤏ा ⤭ी ā¤šो, ā¤ĩिā¤ļ्⤞े⤎⤕ ⤏ाā¤Žा⤍्⤝ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े ā¤†ā¤šा⤰ ⤏ंā¤Ŧं⤧ी ā¤Ąे⤟ा ⤕ो ā¤ļेā¤Ą्⤝ू⤞ ā¤Ē⤰ ⤕ेā¤ĩ⤞ ā¤ā¤•-ā¤Ļो ā¤Ģो⤕⤏ ā¤Ē⤰ ⤞ें⤗े।  ā¤ā¤• ⤏ाā¤Žा⤍्⤝ ⤍िā¤¯ā¤Ž ⤕े ⤰ूā¤Ē ā¤Žें, ā¤ĩ्⤝⤕्⤤ि⤝ों ⤕ी ā¤ĩ⤜⤍ ⤍ि⤝ं⤤्⤰⤪ ⤝ो⤜⤍ाā¤ं 10 ā¤ĩ⤰्⤎ों ⤕ी ā¤Ļिā¤ļा ā¤Žें ⤕ाā¤Ģी ā¤šā¤Ļ ⤤⤕ ā¤Ŧā¤Ļ⤞ ⤏⤕⤤ी ā¤šैं।



 ā¤Ēू⤰⤕ ā¤Ē्⤰ā¤ĩेā¤ļ ⤕े ⤆⤕⤞⤍ ⤏े ⤏ंā¤Ŧं⤧ि⤤ ā¤Žुā¤Ļ्ā¤Ļों ⤕ो ⤇⤏ ā¤šā¤Ļ ⤤⤕ ā¤ļाā¤Žि⤞ ⤕ि⤝ा ⤗⤝ा ā¤šै ⤕ि ⤕ु⤛ ⤰⤚⤍ा⤕ा⤰ों ⤍े ⤛ā¤Ļ्ā¤Ž ā¤ĩि⤜्ā¤žा⤍ ⤕े ⤰ूā¤Ē ā¤Žें ⤆⤤्ā¤Ž-ā¤ĩिā¤ĩ⤰⤪ ⤕ा ⤏ं⤕े⤤ ā¤Ļि⤝ा ā¤šै।



 ā¤‰ā¤Ļ्⤝ो⤗ ⤕ा ā¤šि⤏्⤏ा



 ā¤‡ā¤¨ ā¤Žुā¤Ļ्ā¤Ļों ⤍े ā¤ā¤• ā¤—ā¤šā¤¨ ā¤Ŧु⤍ि⤝ाā¤Ļी ⤜ां⤚ ⤕ो ⤉⤕⤏ा⤝ा, ⤜ो ⤰ा⤎्⤟्⤰ी⤝ ⤏्ā¤ĩा⤏्ā¤Ĩ्⤝ ⤔⤰ ā¤Ēो⤎⤪ ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎ा ⤏⤰्ā¤ĩे⤕्⤎⤪ (NHANEST) ⤏े ⤅⤞⤗ ⤕ी ā¤—ā¤ˆ ⤜ा⤍⤕ा⤰ी ⤕ो ⤖ीं⤚⤍े ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ā¤Ąा⤝⤰ी PLOS OneTrusted Source ā¤Žें ā¤Ļि⤖ा⤈ ā¤Ļी।



 NHANES, ⤜ो 1960 ⤕े ā¤Ļā¤ļ⤕ ⤕े ā¤Ļौ⤰ा⤍ ā¤ļु⤰ू ā¤šु⤆, "⤏ं⤝ु⤕्⤤ ⤰ा⤜्⤝ ā¤…ā¤Žे⤰ि⤕ा ā¤Žें ā¤ĩ⤝⤏्⤕ों ⤔⤰ ⤝ुā¤ĩा⤓ं ⤕ी ⤭⤞ा⤈ ⤔⤰ ā¤†ā¤šा⤰ ⤕ी ⤏्ā¤Ĩि⤤ि ⤕ा ⤏⤰्ā¤ĩे⤕्⤎⤪ ⤕⤰⤍े ⤕े ⤉ā¤Ļ्ā¤Ļेā¤ļ्⤝ ⤏े ⤅⤧्⤝⤝⤍ ⤕ा ā¤ā¤• ⤕ा⤰्⤝⤕्ā¤°ā¤Ž ā¤šै।"  ā¤ĩिā¤ļे⤎⤜्ā¤ž ⤝ू.ā¤ā¤¸. ā¤Žें ⤏ाā¤Žा⤍्⤝ ⤏्ā¤ĩा⤏्ā¤Ĩ्⤝ ⤰⤪⤍ी⤤ि ⤕ो ⤍ि⤰्ā¤Ļेā¤ļि⤤ ⤕⤰⤍े ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ⤖ो⤜ों ⤕ा ⤉ā¤Ē⤝ो⤗ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šैं।



 ā¤ā¤¨ā¤ā¤šā¤ā¤ā¤¨ā¤ˆā¤ā¤¸ ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ⤏ू⤚⤍ा ā¤ĩ⤰्⤗ी⤕⤰⤪ ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ⤆ā¤ĩā¤ļ्⤝⤕ ⤤⤕⤍ी⤕ 24 ⤘ं⤟े ⤕ी ā¤†ā¤šा⤰ ā¤¸ā¤Žी⤕्⤎ा ⤏ा⤕्⤎ा⤤्⤕ा⤰ ā¤šैं।  ā¤ĩिā¤ļ्⤞े⤎⤕ ⤇⤏ ā¤Ąे⤟ा ⤕ा ⤉ā¤Ē⤝ो⤗ ⤊⤰्⤜ा ā¤Ē्⤰ā¤ĩेā¤ļ ⤕ी ⤗⤪⤍ा ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šैं।



 ā¤Žू⤞ ā¤Ēेā¤Ē⤰ ⤕े ⤰⤚⤍ा⤕ा⤰ों ⤕ा ⤤⤰्⤕ ā¤šै ⤕ि "⤕ै⤞ो⤰ी ā¤Ē्⤰ā¤ĩेā¤ļ ā¤Žें ⤜⤍⤏ं⤖्⤝ा ā¤Ēै⤟⤰्⤍ ⤕ा ⤆⤕⤞⤍ ⤕⤰⤍े ⤕ी ⤕्ā¤ˇā¤Žā¤¤ा ⤔⤰ ⤝ू.ā¤ā¤¸. ⤏्ā¤ĩ⤏्ā¤Ĩ ⤟ोā¤šी ⤏े ā¤•ā¤Ž ⤕ा⤰्ā¤Ŧो⤏ ⤭⤞ा⤈ ⤕⤍े⤕्ā¤ļ⤍ ⤖ा⤍े ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ⤞ा⤗ू ⤏ा⤰्ā¤ĩ⤜⤍ि⤕ ā¤ĩ्⤝ā¤ĩ⤏्ā¤Ĩा ⤕ा ⤅ā¤ĩ⤞ो⤕⤍ ⤕⤰⤍े ⤕ी ⤕्ā¤ˇā¤Žā¤¤ा ⤅ā¤ĩिā¤ļ्ā¤ĩ⤏⤍ी⤝ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े ā¤Ē्⤰⤤िā¤Ŧं⤧ि⤤ ā¤šै।"



 ā¤ā¤• ā¤Žू⤞्⤝ां⤕⤍ ⤅ंā¤ļ ā¤Žें, ā¤Ē्ā¤°ā¤Žु⤖ ⤍ि⤰्ā¤Žा⤤ा ā¤ā¤Ąā¤ĩ⤰्ā¤Ą ⤆⤰्⤚⤰ ⤆⤏ा⤍ ā¤šो ⤜ा⤤ा ā¤šै, ā¤¯ā¤š ⤏्ā¤Ē⤎्⤟ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šुā¤ ⤕ि ⤉⤍⤕े ā¤Ēेā¤Ē⤰ ⤍े ⤏्ā¤Ē⤎्⤟ ⤕ि⤝ा ⤕ि "⤞⤗⤭⤗ āĨĒāĨĻ ā¤¸ा⤞ ⤔⤰ ā¤Ŧā¤Ą़ी ⤏ं⤖्⤝ा ā¤Žें ā¤…ā¤Žे⤰ि⤕ी ⤏्ā¤ĩा⤏्ā¤Ĩ्⤝ā¤ĩ⤰्⤧⤕ ⤟ोā¤šी ⤜ा⤍⤕ा⤰ी ā¤Ļु⤖ā¤Ļ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े ⤅ā¤Ē⤰्⤝ाā¤Ē्⤤ ā¤Ĩी। […] ⤜ीā¤ĩि⤕ा ā¤Žें ⤰ो⤗ ⤏ं⤚⤰⤪ ⤕ा ⤅⤧्⤝⤝⤍ [… ]  , ⤝े ā¤Ē⤰ि⤪ाā¤Ž ā¤ĩिā¤ļि⤎्⤟ ā¤šैं।"



 ā¤¯ā¤šां, ā¤šā¤Ž ⤉ā¤Ļ्⤝ो⤗ ⤕े ā¤Ļो ⤤⤰ā¤Ģा ⤏ौā¤Ļे ⤕ो ā¤Ēू⤰ा ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šैं: ā¤Ēीā¤ā¤˛ā¤“ā¤ā¤¸ ā¤ĩ⤍ ā¤Ēेā¤Ē⤰ ā¤Žें ā¤•ā¤šा ⤗⤝ा ā¤šै ⤕ि ā¤Ŧु⤍ि⤝ाā¤Ļी ⤜ां⤚ ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ā¤ĩि⤤्⤤ā¤Ēो⤎⤪ "⤕ो⤕ा-⤕ो⤞ा ⤕ंā¤Ē⤍ी ⤏े ⤅⤏ीā¤Žि⤤ ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎ा ā¤Ēु⤰⤏्⤕ा⤰ ā¤Ļ्ā¤ĩा⤰ा ā¤Ļि⤝ा ⤗⤝ा ā¤Ĩा।"



 ā¤‰ā¤Ļ्⤝ो⤗ ā¤Ļ्ā¤ĩा⤰ा ⤍ि⤰्ā¤ĩिā¤ĩाā¤Ļ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े ⤏ā¤Ŧ्⤏िā¤Ąी ā¤Ļे⤍ा ⤅⤧्⤝⤝⤍ ⤕ी ⤖ो⤜ों ⤕ो ⤰ā¤Ļ्ā¤Ļ ā¤¨ā¤šीं ⤕⤰⤤ा ā¤šै, ā¤Ģि⤰ ⤭ी ā¤šā¤Žें ⤇⤏ ā¤Ŧा⤰े ā¤Žें ⤏ो⤚⤍े ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ā¤Ē्⤰े⤰ि⤤ ⤕⤰⤍ा ⤚ाā¤šिā¤ ⤕ि ⤇⤏ ā¤¤ā¤°ā¤š ⤕ी ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎ा ⤏े ā¤Ģंā¤Ąā¤° ⤕्⤝ा ā¤šा⤏ि⤞ ⤕⤰ ⤏⤕⤤ा ā¤šै।  ⤇⤏ ⤏्ā¤Ĩि⤤ि ⤕े ⤞िā¤, ā¤Žी⤠े ā¤Ēे⤝ ā¤Ēā¤Ļा⤰्ā¤Ĩों ⤕ा ⤉⤤्ā¤Ēाā¤Ļ⤍ ⤕⤰⤍े ā¤ĩा⤞ी ā¤ā¤• ⤏ं⤏्ā¤Ĩा ⤕ो ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎ा ā¤Žें ⤉⤍ ⤞ो⤗ों ⤕े ā¤ĩिā¤ļ्ā¤ĩा⤏ ⤕ो ⤅⤏्ā¤Ĩि⤰ ⤕⤰⤍े ⤕े ⤏ाā¤Ĩ ⤞ा⤭ ā¤šो ⤏⤕⤤ा ā¤šै ⤜ि⤍्ā¤šों⤍े ⤉⤍⤕ी ā¤ĩ⤏्⤤ु⤓ं ⤕ो ⤅⤏्ā¤ĩ⤏्ā¤Ĩ ā¤Žा⤍ा ā¤šै।



 ā¤ļा⤝ā¤Ļ ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤Žॉā¤Ąā¤˛ ⤕ु⤛ ⤅⤏ाā¤Žा⤍्⤝ ā¤šै;  ā¤†ā¤Žā¤¤ौ⤰ ā¤Ē⤰, ā¤ĩ्⤝⤕्⤤ि⤗⤤ ā¤šि⤏्⤏ेā¤Ļा⤰ी ā¤ĩा⤞ा ā¤ā¤• ⤉ā¤Ļ्⤝ो⤗ ⤉⤍ ā¤ĩि⤚ा⤰ों ⤕ा ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤°्ā¤Ĩ⤍ ⤕⤰े⤗ा ⤜ो ⤕ि⤏ी ā¤ĩ⤏्⤤ु ⤕े ā¤Ģा⤝ā¤Ļे ā¤Ļि⤖ा⤤े ā¤šैं।



 ā¤‰ā¤Ļाā¤šā¤°ā¤Ŗ ⤕े ⤞िā¤, ⤕ै⤞िā¤Ģ़ो⤰्⤍ि⤝ा ā¤ĩॉ⤞⤍⤟ ā¤•ā¤Žीā¤ļ⤍ ⤞⤗ा⤤ा⤰ ⤇⤏ ⤤⤰्⤕ ⤕े ⤏ाā¤Ĩ ā¤ļो⤧ ⤕ो ⤏ु⤰⤕्⤎ि⤤ ⤰⤖⤤ा ā¤šै ⤕ि ā¤Ēे⤕ा⤍ ā¤šā¤Žा⤰े ⤞िā¤ ā¤Ģा⤝ā¤Ļेā¤Žंā¤Ļ ā¤šै।  ⤇⤏ ā¤Ŧी⤚, ⤝ू.ā¤ā¤¸. ā¤šा⤈ā¤Ŧā¤ļ ā¤Ŧ्⤞ूā¤Ŧे⤰ी ⤕ा⤉ं⤏ि⤞ ā¤Ļ्ā¤ĩा⤰ा ⤕ी ā¤—ā¤ˆ ā¤ā¤• ⤜ां⤚ ⤕ो ⤇⤏⤕े ⤏ैā¤Ļ्⤧ां⤤ि⤕ ⤰ूā¤Ē ā¤Žें ⤖ुā¤ļी ⤏े ā¤•ā¤šा ⤗⤝ा ā¤šै:



 "[I] ⤟ी ā¤†ā¤Ž ⤤ौ⤰ ā¤Ē⤰ ā¤¸ā¤šā¤Žā¤¤ ā¤šै ⤕ि ⤏्ā¤ĩाā¤Ļि⤎्⤟, ⤤ै⤝ा⤰ ā¤Ŧ्⤞ूā¤Ŧे⤰ी ⤕े ā¤Žा⤍⤕ ⤉ā¤Ē⤝ो⤗ ⤕ो ⤏्ā¤Ē⤎्⤟ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े ⤏ुā¤ा⤝ा ⤜ा ⤏⤕⤤ा ā¤šै।"



 ā¤‡ā¤¸ ā¤ĩि⤎⤝ ā¤Ē⤰ ⤅⤤ि⤰ि⤕्⤤ ⤜ा⤍⤕ा⤰ी ⤕े ⤞िā¤, ⤚ी⤍ी ā¤ĩ्⤝ā¤ĩ⤏ा⤝ ā¤Ē⤰ ā¤šā¤Žा⤰ा ⤞े⤖ ā¤Ēā¤ĸ़ें ⤔⤰ ⤇⤏⤕े ā¤¸ā¤Žā¤°्ā¤Ĩ⤍ ā¤Žें ⤤ा⤰्⤕ि⤕ ā¤Ŧा⤤⤚ी⤤ ⤕ो ⤕ै⤏े ⤍ि⤝ं⤤्⤰ि⤤ ⤕ि⤝ा।



 ā¤œो⤰ ā¤Ļे⤍े ⤕े ⤞िā¤, ⤝ā¤Ļि ⤕ि⤏ी ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎ा ā¤Žें ⤉ā¤Ļ्⤝ो⤗ ⤏ā¤Ŧ्⤏िā¤Ąी ā¤Žि⤞⤤ी ā¤šै, ⤤ो ⤇⤏⤕ा ā¤Žā¤¤ā¤˛ā¤Ŧ ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤¨ā¤šीं ā¤šै ⤕ि ⤞ो⤗ों ⤕ो ⤖ो⤜ों ⤕ो ⤜ं⤗⤞ी ā¤Ŧā¤šा⤍ा ⤚ाā¤šिā¤।  ⤕ि⤏ी ⤭ी ā¤Žाā¤Žā¤˛े ā¤Žें, ⤇⤏े ā¤ĩि⤚ा⤰ ⤕ो ⤭ो⤜⤍ ā¤Ļे⤍ा ⤚ाā¤šिā¤।



 ā¤Ąा⤝⤰ी ā¤Ēीā¤ā¤˛ā¤“ā¤ā¤¸ ā¤Žेā¤Ąि⤏ि⤍ ā¤Žें ā¤ā¤• ⤔⤰ ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎ा ⤍े ⤏ोā¤Ąा, ⤍ि⤚ोā¤Ą़ ⤔⤰ ā¤Ļू⤧ ⤕ी ⤜ां⤚ ā¤Žें ⤉ā¤Ļ्⤝ो⤗ ⤕ो ⤏ā¤Ŧ्⤏िā¤Ąी ā¤Ļे⤍े ⤕े ā¤Ē्⤰⤭ाā¤ĩ ā¤Ē⤰ ā¤ā¤• ⤍⤜़⤰ ā¤Ąा⤞ी।



 ā¤˛े⤖⤕ ā¤¸ā¤Žाā¤Ē्⤤ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šैं, "⤉ā¤Ļ्⤝ो⤗ ⤏े ⤏ंā¤Ŧं⤧ि⤤ ⤤ा⤰्⤕ि⤕ ⤞े⤖ों ⤕ो ⤏ā¤Ŧ्⤏िā¤Ąी ā¤Ļे⤍े ⤏े ⤏ं⤰⤕्⤎⤕ों ⤕ी ā¤ĩ⤏्⤤ु⤓ं ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ā¤ु⤕ाā¤ĩ ā¤¸ā¤Žाā¤Ē्⤤ ā¤šो ⤏⤕⤤ा ā¤šै, ⤏ं⤭ā¤ĩ⤤ः ⤏ाā¤Žा⤍्⤝ ⤭⤞ा⤈ ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ā¤Žā¤šā¤¤्ā¤ĩā¤Ēू⤰्⤪ ā¤Ē्⤰⤭ाā¤ĩ।"



 ā¤…ā¤ĩ्⤝ā¤ĩ⤏्ā¤Ĩा ⤕ो ⤜ोā¤Ą़⤍े ⤕े ⤞िā¤, ā¤¸ā¤Žा⤚ा⤰ ⤏्⤰ो⤤ ⤏ाā¤Žा⤍्⤝ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े ⤇⤍ ⤖ो⤜ों ⤕ो ⤤े⤜ ⤕⤰ें⤗े।  ⤇⤏ ⤘⤟⤍ा ā¤Žें, ⤉ā¤Ļाā¤šā¤°ā¤Ŗ ⤕े ⤞िā¤, ā¤ā¤• ⤚ॉ⤕⤞े⤟ ⤍ि⤰्ā¤Žा⤤ा ā¤Ļ्ā¤ĩा⤰ा ā¤ĩि⤤्⤤ā¤Ēो⤎ि⤤ ā¤ā¤• ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎ा ⤕ा ⤕ा⤰⤪ ā¤šै ⤕ि ⤚ॉ⤕⤞े⤟ ⤜ीā¤ĩ⤍ ⤕ा ā¤ĩि⤏्⤤ा⤰ ⤕⤰⤤ा ā¤šै, ā¤¸ā¤Žा⤚ा⤰ ⤏्⤰ो⤤ ā¤Žā¤œ़ā¤Ŧू⤤ी ⤏े ⤍ि⤰्⤧ा⤰⤪ों ⤕ो ā¤Ļोā¤šā¤°ाā¤ं⤗े, ⤅⤕्⤏⤰ ā¤Ģंā¤Ąā¤°्⤏ ⤕ी ⤏ू⤚⤍ा ⤕े ā¤Ŧि⤍ा ⤝ा ⤜ां⤚ ⤕ी ā¤Ŧा⤧ा⤓ं ⤕ी ā¤Ŧा⤤⤚ी⤤ ⤕े ā¤Ŧि⤍ा।



 ā¤Ēे⤚ीā¤Ļ⤗ि⤝ों ā¤Žें ⤕ूā¤Ļ⤍ा



 ā¤ā¤• ⤔⤰ ā¤Žुā¤Ļ्ā¤Ļा ⤜ो ā¤Ēो⤎⤪ ⤅⤍ु⤏ं⤧ा⤍ ⤕ो ā¤Ēीā¤Ą़ा ā¤Ļे⤤ा ā¤Ē्⤰⤤ी⤤ ā¤šो⤤ा ā¤šै ā¤ĩā¤š ā¤šै ā¤Ēे⤚ीā¤Ļ⤗ी।  ⤕⤭ी-⤕⤭ी, ⤏्ā¤ĩा⤏्ā¤Ĩ्⤝ ā¤Ē⤰ि⤪ाā¤Ž ā¤Ē⤰ ⤕ेā¤ĩ⤞ ā¤ā¤• ⤏्ā¤Ē⤎्⤟ ⤖ाā¤Ļ्⤝ ā¤Ēā¤Ļा⤰्ā¤Ĩ ⤝ा ⤝ौ⤗ि⤕ ⤕े ā¤Ē्⤰⤭ाā¤ĩ ā¤Ē⤰ ā¤ā¤• ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎ा ā¤ļू⤍्⤝ ā¤šो ⤜ाā¤ā¤—ी।  ā¤¯ā¤š ⤍ि⤰ी⤕्⤎⤪ ⤕⤰⤍े ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ⤕ु⤛ ⤆⤏ा⤍ ā¤šै।



 ā¤¨िā¤¯ā¤Žि⤤ ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤏े, ⤇⤏⤕े ā¤Ŧाā¤ĩ⤜ूā¤Ļ, ⤅⤧्⤝⤝⤍ ā¤ā¤• ā¤ĩिā¤ļि⤎्⤟ ⤖ा⤍े ⤕ी ā¤Ļि⤍⤚⤰्⤝ा ⤕े ā¤Ē्⤰⤭ाā¤ĩ ā¤Ē⤰ ā¤ļो⤧ ⤕⤰⤍े ⤕ा ā¤Ē्⤰⤝ा⤏ ⤕⤰ें⤗े।  ⤉ā¤Ļाā¤šā¤°ā¤Ŗ ⤕े ⤞िā¤, ⤭ूā¤Žā¤§्⤝⤏ा⤗⤰ी⤝ ⤖ा⤍े ⤕ी ā¤ĩ्⤝ā¤ĩ⤏्ā¤Ĩा ⤍े ⤚⤞ ā¤°ā¤šे ā¤ĩ⤰्⤎ों ā¤Žें ā¤Ŧā¤šु⤤ ⤅⤧ि⤕ ā¤ĩि⤚ा⤰ ā¤Ē्⤰ाā¤Ē्⤤ ⤕ि⤝ा ā¤šै।



 ā¤¯ā¤šां ā¤Ē⤰ेā¤ļा⤍ी ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤šै ⤕ि ⤭ूā¤Žā¤§्⤝⤏ा⤗⤰ी⤝ ⤭ो⤜⤍ ⤕े ā¤ā¤• ā¤ĩ्⤝⤕्⤤ि ⤕ा ⤰ूā¤Ē ⤕ि⤏ी ⤔⤰ ⤕े ⤗ा⤝⤍ ⤏े ā¤Ŧि⤞्⤕ु⤞ ⤅⤞⤗ ā¤šो ⤏⤕⤤ा ā¤šै।  ⤉ā¤Ļाā¤šā¤°ā¤Ŗ ⤕े ⤞िā¤, ā¤ā¤• ā¤ĩ्⤝⤕्⤤ि ⤕े ā¤Ēा⤏ ā¤šā¤° ā¤Ļि⤍ ā¤ā¤• ⤛ो⤟ा ⤗ि⤞ा⤏ ⤰ेā¤Ą ā¤ĩा⤇⤍, 25 ⤜ै⤤ू⤍ ⤔⤰ ā¤ā¤• ā¤†ā¤Ÿि⤚ो⤕ ā¤šो ⤏⤕⤤ा ā¤šै, ⤜ā¤Ŧ⤕ि ā¤Ļू⤏⤰ा ā¤ĩ्⤝⤕्⤤ि - ⤜ो ā¤ā¤• ⤜ां⤚ ⤕े ā¤¸ā¤Žा⤍ ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎⤪ ⤏⤭ा ā¤Žें ā¤šो ⤏⤕⤤ा ā¤šै - ā¤ļ⤰ाā¤Ŧ ā¤¨ā¤šीं ā¤Ēी ⤏⤕⤤ा ā¤šै ⤔⤰ ⤍ ā¤šी ⤜ै⤤ू⤍ ⤔⤰ ⤍ ā¤šी ⤆⤰्⤟ि⤚ो⤕ ⤖ा ⤏⤕⤤ा ā¤šै।



 ā¤ā¤• ⤜ुā¤Ą़ा ā¤šु⤆ ā¤Žुā¤Ļ्ā¤Ļा ā¤Ē्⤰⤤ि⤏्ā¤Ĩाā¤Ē⤍ ⤕ा ā¤šै: ⤝ā¤Ļि ⤕ो⤈ ā¤Žां⤏ ā¤¨ā¤šीं ⤖ा⤤ा ā¤šै, ⤉ā¤Ļाā¤šā¤°ā¤Ŗ ⤕े ⤞िā¤, ā¤ĩे ā¤ļा⤝ā¤Ļ ā¤Ē्⤰ो⤟ी⤍ ⤕े ā¤ĩि⤭ि⤍्⤍ ⤕ु⤓ं ⤕े ⤏ाā¤Ĩ ā¤Žां⤏ ⤕ो ā¤Ē्⤰⤤ि⤏्ā¤Ĩाā¤Ēि⤤ ⤕⤰⤍े ⤜ा ā¤°ā¤šे ā¤šैं, ⤜ै⤏े ⤏ेā¤Ž ⤝ा ā¤Ļि⤞ ⤕ी ā¤§ā¤Ą़⤕⤍।  ⤇⤏ ā¤¤ā¤°ā¤š, ⤜ā¤Ŧ ā¤Žां⤏ ⤔⤰ ⤜ो ā¤¨ā¤šीं ⤖ा⤍े ā¤ĩा⤞े ā¤†ā¤šा⤰ ⤕े ā¤ĩिā¤Ē⤰ी⤤ ā¤šो⤤े ā¤šैं, ⤤ो ⤕ो⤈ ⤭ी ⤏्ā¤ĩा⤏्ā¤Ĩ्⤝ ā¤Ē्⤰⤭ाā¤ĩ ā¤ļा⤝ā¤Ļ ā¤Žां⤏ ⤕ी ⤅⤍ुā¤Ē⤏्ā¤Ĩि⤤ि ⤕े ⤕ा⤰⤪ ā¤¨ā¤šीं ā¤Ŧ⤞्⤕ि ā¤ĩि⤭ि⤍्⤍ ⤖ाā¤Ļ्⤝ ⤕ि⤏्ā¤Žों ⤕े ā¤ĩि⤏्⤤ा⤰ ⤕े ⤕ा⤰⤪ ā¤šो⤗ा।



 ā¤Žि⤟्⤟ी ⤕े ā¤Ē्⤰⤤्⤝े⤕ ā¤Ē्⤰⤕ा⤰ ⤕े ⤉⤤्ā¤Ēाā¤Ļों ā¤Žें ā¤Žिā¤ļ्⤰⤪ों ⤕ी ā¤ā¤• ā¤ĩिā¤ļा⤞ ā¤ļ्⤰ृं⤖⤞ा ā¤šो⤤ी ā¤šै, ⤔⤰ ⤇⤍⤕ा ā¤Ē्⤰⤕ा⤰ ⤔⤰ ā¤Žाā¤Ē ⤇⤏ ā¤Ŧा⤤ ā¤Ē⤰ ⤍ि⤰्⤭⤰ ⤕⤰⤤ा ā¤šै ⤕ि ā¤ĩे ā¤•ā¤šाँ ā¤ĩि⤕⤏ि⤤ ā¤šो⤤े ā¤šैं, ⤕ै⤏े ā¤ĩ्⤝⤕्⤤ि ⤉⤍्ā¤šें ā¤Ē⤰िā¤ĩā¤šā¤¨ ⤔⤰ ⤏ं⤗्ā¤°ā¤šी⤤ ⤕⤰⤤े ā¤šैं, ⤔⤰ ā¤ĩे ⤉⤍्ā¤šें ⤕ै⤏े ⤏ा⤇⤕ि⤞ ⤔⤰ ā¤Ē⤕ा⤤े ā¤šैं।



 ā¤ĩि⤚ा⤰ ⤕⤰⤍े ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ⤐⤏े ⤅⤍⤗ि⤍⤤ ⤕ा⤰⤕ ā¤šैं ⤕ि ⤕ि⤏ी ⤭ी ⤘⤟⤍ा ā¤Žें, ⤜ā¤Ŧ ⤕ो⤈ ā¤Ē⤰ी⤕्⤎ा ā¤ĩा⤏्⤤ā¤ĩ ā¤Žें ā¤Žā¤šā¤¤्ā¤ĩā¤Ēू⤰्⤪ ā¤Ē⤰ि⤪ाā¤Ž ⤖ो⤜⤤ी ā¤šै, ⤤ो ā¤¯ā¤š ⤤⤝ ⤕⤰⤍ा ā¤Žुā¤ļ्⤕ि⤞ ā¤šो⤤ा ā¤šै ⤕ि ⤕्⤝ा ā¤¯ā¤š ā¤ĩा⤏्⤤ā¤ĩ ā¤Žें ⤜ां⤚े ⤜ा ā¤°ā¤šे ⤭ो⤜⤍ ⤏े ⤆⤝ा ā¤šै।



 ā¤œाā¤šि⤰ ā¤šै, ⤞ो⤗ ⤖ा⤍े ⤕ी ⤕ि⤏्ā¤Žों ⤕े ā¤¸ā¤Žा⤍ ā¤šी ⤕ाā¤Ģी ⤭ि⤍्⤍ ā¤šो⤤े ā¤šैं ⤜ो ā¤ĩे ⤖ा⤤े ā¤šैं।  ā¤ā¤• ⤅⤕े⤞ा ⤅⤖⤰ो⤟ ⤖ा⤍े ⤏े ā¤ā¤• ā¤ĩ्⤝⤕्⤤ि ⤕ो ⤞ा⤭⤕ा⤰ी ā¤Ēू⤰⤕ ā¤Žि⤞ ⤏⤕⤤ा ā¤šै, ⤜ā¤Ŧ⤕ि ā¤ĩā¤š ā¤¸ā¤Žा⤍ ⤅⤖⤰ो⤟ ⤅⤤ि⤏ंā¤ĩेā¤Ļ⤍ā¤ļी⤞⤤ा ā¤ĩा⤞े ā¤ĩ्⤝⤕्⤤ि ⤕े ⤞िā¤ ⤘ा⤤⤕ ā¤šो ⤏⤕⤤ा ā¤šै।


Bengali translation




 



 āϝৌāĻ•্āϤিāĻ• āĻ…āύ্āĻŦেāώāĻŖেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϤ āϏ্āĻĨাāύāĻ—ুāϞি āφāϰāĻ“ āĻŦিāĻļিāώ্āϟ āĻŦা āĻ•āĻŽ āĻĄিāĻ—্āϰি āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āĻŽুāĻ–োāĻŽুāĻ–ি āĻšāϝ়, āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϝেāĻšেāϤু āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāύাāϝ় āĻ­āϰāĻŖ -āĻĒোāώāĻŖ āĻāϤ āĻŦেāĻļি, āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāĻ—ুāϞি āφāϰāĻ“ āĻŦিāϏ্āϤৃāϤ āĻŦāϞে āĻŽāύে āĻšāϝ়।



 āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦāĻĻāϞে āϝাāĻ“āϝ়া āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦী



 āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āϜāϞ slিāϞা āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āϤিāĻ•্āϰāĻŽ āĻ•āϰা āĻ•āĻ িāύ, āĻ­āϰāĻŖāĻĒোāώāĻŖ āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻŖাāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āϝāĻĨেāώ্āϟ āĻŦিāϜāϝ় āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›ে।  āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāϏ্āĻŦāϰূāĻĒ, āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻ•āϰা āφāĻŦিāώ্āĻ•াāϰ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ āϝে āĻĒুāώ্āϟিāĻ—ুāĻŖ āϏি āĻĢুāϰাāϞāĻ•ে āϏ্āĻ•াāϰ্āĻ­ি āϟ্āϰাāϏ্āϟেāĻĄ āϏোāϰ্āϏ āĻŦāϞে, āϝে āĻŦেāϰিāĻŦেāϰি āύিāϰ্āĻ­āϰāϝোāĻ—্āϝ āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏ āĻĨাāϝ়াāĻŽিāύেāϰ āĻ…āĻĒ্āϰāϤুāϞāϤাāϰ āĻ•াāϰāĻŖে āϏৃāώ্āϟি āĻ•āϰে, āĻāĻŦং āϏেāχ āĻĒুāώ্āϟিāϰ āϘাāϟāϤি āϰিāĻ•েāϟāϏ āϟ্āϰাāϏ্āϟেāĻĄ āϏোāϰ্āϏ āϏৃāώ্āϟি āĻ•āϰে।



 āĻāχ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে, āĻāĻ•āϟি āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āϝৌāĻ— āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ•āϟি āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āĻ…āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏংāϝোāĻ— āφāĻ›ে।  āϤা āϏāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦেāĻ“, āϚিāϤ্āϰāϟি āĻāĻ•āĻŦাāϰে āĻāϤ āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ।  āĻāϟি āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻ­াāĻŦে āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āĻšāϝ় āϝāĻ–āύ āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āωāĻĒাāĻĻাāύāĻ—ুāϞি āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϤ āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦিāϤ āĻ•āϰে, āϝেāĻŽāύ āĻ•āϰ্āĻĒুāϞেāύ্āϏ, āĻ…āϏ্āϟিāĻ“āĻĒāϰোāϏিāϏ, āĻĄাāϝ়াāĻŦেāϟিāϏ āĻŦা āĻ•āϰোāύাāϰি āĻ…āϏুāϏ্āĻĨāϤা।



 āĻ…āϧিāĻ•āύ্āϤু, āĻĻীāϰ্āϘ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āϧāϰে āĻĒুāώ্āϟি āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āĻ…āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›ে: āϏুāϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϏāϰ্āĻŦাāϧিāĻ• āϏ্āĻŦীāĻ•ৃāϤ āĻŦিāĻĒāĻĻāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āĻ…āĻ­াāĻŦ āĻ›িāϞ, āϝāĻ–āύ āĻĒāĻļ্āϚিāĻŽা āĻĻেāĻļāĻ—ুāϞিāϤে āφāϜ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ—āϰ্āϜিং āĻ…āĻĒāϰিāĻšাāϰ্āϝ āωāĻĻ্āĻŦেāĻ— āĻšāĻŦে।



 āϏুāϏ্āĻĨāϤা āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āϏুāϏ্āĻĨāϤাāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻ–াāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āĻ•াāϜ āĻŦোāĻা āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ• āĻāĻŦং āĻŦিāĻŦেāϚāύাāϰ āϝোāĻ—্āϝāϤা।  āĻāχ āωāĻĒাāĻĻাāύāϟিāϤে, āφāĻŽāϰা āĻ•াāϰāĻŖāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ…ংāĻļ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāϞি āϝে āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϤ āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻŖাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϰিāϏাāϰ্āϚ āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻŖা āĻāϤ āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϧাāĻ—্āϰāϏ্āϤ, āĻাāĻŽেāϞাāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻāĻŦং āĻŦিāĻ­্āϰাāύ্āϤিāĻ•āϰ।



 'āĻŦিāϏ্āĻŽāϝ়āĻ•āϰ' āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝāĻ•āϰ āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤ



 āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ…āύুāĻ•ূāϞ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦে, āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻāϤ্āϤ āĻ–াāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āϏুāϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦ āĻŦোāĻাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ - āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāϏ্āĻŦāϰূāĻĒ, āĻ—োāϜি āĻŦেāϰি - āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা āĻāϰ āĻ…āύুāϰূāĻĒ āĻšāĻŦে:



 āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻ•āϰা 10,000 āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝ (āĻĻুāχāϜāύ āĻ›েāϞে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽāĻšিāϞা, āĻĒāϰিāϚāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āϜাāϤীāϝ়āϤাāϰ āϏুāϝোāĻ— āĻĨেāĻ•ে) āϤাāϞিāĻ•াāĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ āĻāĻŦং āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϞ্āϝাāĻŦে āĻĻীāϰ্āϘāĻĻিāύ āϧāϰে āϰাāĻ–েāύ।  āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻ•āϰা āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻ•ে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻĻāϰ্āĻļāύেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻāĻ•āχ āĻ–াāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āϰুāϟিāύ āĻ–াāĻ“āϝ়াāύ, āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦৈāĻĒāϰীāϤ্āϝেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে: āĻ…āϰ্āϧেāĻ• āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝ āĻ—োāϜি āĻŦেāϰি āĻŦাāϰ্āύ āĻ•āϰে-āĻ—োāĻĒāύে-āĻŽিāĻļ্āϰিāϤ āϜৈāĻŦ āĻĒāĻŖ্āϝ āĻŽāϏৃāĻŖāϤাāϝ় āĻŽিāĻļ্āϰিāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।



 āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤেāϰ āĻĻৈāϰ্āϘ্āϝেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻŽāĻĻ āĻāĻŦং āϤাāĻŽাāĻ• āύিāώিāĻĻ্āϧ।



 āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻ•āχāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻিāύ āĻāĻ•āχ āϧāϰāύেāϰ āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύ āĻ•āϰা āωāϚিāϤ;  āϝāĻĻি āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ—োāώ্āĻ ী āĻŦেāĻļি āĻ…āύুāĻļীāϞāύ āĻ•āϰে, āϤাāĻšāϞে āϤাāϰা āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ—োāϜি āĻŦেāϰি āĻ–াāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āϏাāĻŽাāύ্āϝ āĻŽāύোāϝোāĻ— āĻĻিāϝ়ে āφāϰāĻ“ āĻ­াāϞ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।  āĻāϟি āϤāĻĨ্āϝেāϰ āϤিāϰāϏ্āĻ•াāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻŦে।



 āĻ•াāϰা āĻ—োāϜি āĻŦেāϰি āϏ্āĻŽুāĻĻি āĻĒাāϚ্āĻ›ে āϤা āĻŦিāĻļেāώāϜ্āĻž āĻŦা āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāϰা āĻ•েāω āϜাāύেāύ āύা;  āϝāĻĻি āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāϰা āĻŦুāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āϝে āϤাāϰা āĻāĻ•āϟি "āϏুāĻĒাāϰāĻĢুāĻĄ" āĻĒাāϚ্āĻ›ে, āϤাāĻšāϞে āϤাāϰা āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏ্āĻŦ-āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦিāϤ āĻĢāϞ āϞাāĻ­ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।  āĻ•্āϞিāύিāĻ•াāϞ āĻĒ্āϰিāϞিāĻŽিāύাāϰি āϚাāϞাāύোāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻāχ āĻ…āύুāĻŽিāϤ āĻĻ্āĻŦিāĻ—ুāĻŖ āĻ…āύ্āϧāϤ্āĻŦ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ।



 āĻĻীāϰ্āϘāĻŽেāϝ়াāĻĻী āĻ…āϧ্āϝāϝ়āύেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ়, āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻ•āϰা āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāĻĻেāϰ āϏুāϏ্āĻĨāϤাāϰ āĻŦিāώāϝ়āϟি āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦ āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰে āĻĻেāĻ–েāύ।  āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϚāϞāĻŽাāύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨাāĻ—āϤ āϰāĻ•্āϤ ​​āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা āĻāĻŦং āĻ•্āϞিāύিāĻ•াāϞ āχāĻŽেāϜিং āĻ…āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āĻĨাāĻ•āϤে āĻĒাāϰে।



 āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟāϤāχ, āĻāχ āϧāϰāĻŖেāϰ āĻ…āϧ্āϝāϝ়āύেāϰ āĻŽāĻšাāϜাāĻ—āϤিāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝāϝ় āĻšāϞ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĨāĻŽিāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦাāϧা।  āĻāĻ•āχāĻ­াāĻŦে, āύৈāϤিāĻ•āϤা āĻāĻŦং āύ্āϝাāϝ্āϝāϤা āĻŦāϞে āϝে āĻāϟি āĻ…āϤীāϤ āĻŦোāϧāĻ—āĻŽ্āϝ āύāϝ়।



 āĻ­āϰāĻŖ-āĻĒোāώāĻŖেāϰ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āφāϰো āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύ-āĻ­িāϤ্āϤিāĻ• āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ, āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻļ্āϰুāϤিāĻŦāĻĻ্āϧ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰে āϝাāύ।



 āϤ্āϰুāϟিāĻšীāύāϤাāϰ āĻŦāĻĻāϞে



 āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ›াāĻĄ় āĻĻেāĻ“āϝ়া āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāϜāύ, āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ āφāĻĻāϰ্āĻļ āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤāϟি āĻ…āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĒ্āϝ।  āĻāχ āϞাāχāύāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āϏাāĻĨে, "āĻĒāϰ্āϝāĻŦেāĻ•্āώāĻŖāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāϝ়", āĻĒুāώ্āϟি āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻ•āϰা āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি āϝা āĻ–াāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āϤাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦাāĻš āĻŦা āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āϝāϤেāϰ āϏুāϏ্āĻĨāϤাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϝোāĻ—āϏূāϤ্āϰ āĻ…āύুāϏāύ্āϧাāύ āĻ•āϰে।



 āĻĒāϰ্āϝāĻŦেāĻ•্āώāĻŖāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤ āĻ…āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻŽূāϞ্āϝāĻŦাāύ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।  āĻāχ āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰে, āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻ•āϰা āĻĻেāĻ–িāϝ়েāĻ›েāύ āϝে āϤাāĻŽাāĻ• āĻĢুāϏāĻĢুāϏে āϏেāϞুāϞাāϰ āĻ­াāĻ™্āĻ—āύ āϏৃāώ্āϟি āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻŦং āϏেāχ āĻ•াāϰ্āϝāĻ•āϞাāĻĒ āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āωāĻĒāĻ•াāϰী।



 āϝাāχ āĻšোāĻ• āύা āĻ•েāύ, āĻāχ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāĻ—ুāϞি āĻŽāĻšাāύ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻ…āύেāĻ• āĻĻূāϰে।



 āĻĒāϰ্āϝāĻŦেāĻ•্āώāĻŖāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻ•েāĻŦāϞ āĻŦিāĻļেāώāϜ্āĻžāĻĻেāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻ­āϰāϤা āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝ āĻ­āϰ্āϤিāϰ āϘোāώāĻŖা āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে।  āϤাāϰা āĻ…āύুāϰোāϧ āĻ•āϰে āϝে āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāϰা āĻāĻ•āϟি āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āĻĒāϰিāĻŽাāĻĒেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϤাāϰা āϝা āĻ–াāϝ় āϤা āύোāϟ āĻ•āϰে āϰাāĻ–ুāύ, āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āϤাāϰা āφāĻ—ে āϝা āĻ–েāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ āϤা āϏ্āĻŽāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰুāύ।  āĻāϟি āĻ•াāϞ āĻŦা āĻŽাāϏāĻ—ুāϞি āϤাāĻĄ়াāϤাāĻĄ়ি āĻŦোāĻাāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।



 āϝেāĻ­াāĻŦেāχ āĻšোāĻ• āύা āĻ•েāύ, āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāϞোāϚāύা āĻ…āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻĻীāϰ্āϘ āĻĒāĻĨ।  āωāĻĒāϰāύ্āϤু, āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ—োāώ্āĻ ী āχāϚ্āĻ›াāĻ•ৃāϤāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝ āϜিāύিāϏ āĻŽিāϏ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে, āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāϏ্āĻŦāϰূāĻĒ, āĻĻিāύেāϰ āϤৃāϤীāϝ় āĻŽিāώ্āϟি āφāϚāϰāĻŖ।  āĻāĻ›াāĻĄ়াāĻ“, āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāϰা āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ…ংāĻļেāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āφāĻ•াāϰ, āĻŦা āĻ­োāϜāύāĻļাāϞাāϝ় āĻĢিāĻ•্āϏিংāϝ়েāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻŦিāĻŦāϰāĻŖ āĻŦা āĻ–াāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āϜাāϤāĻ—ুāϞি āϜাāύেāύ āύা, āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāϏ্āĻŦāϰূāĻĒ।



 āĻ…āϧ্āϝāϝ়āύ āύিāϝ়āĻŽিāϤāĻ­াāĻŦে āϏুāϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝāϤাāϞিāĻ•াāĻ—āϤ āĻ…ংāĻļেāϰ āϟাāύা āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āĻ…āύুāϏāύ্āϧাāύ āĻ•āϰে।  āϝেāĻ­াāĻŦেāχ āĻšোāĻ• āύা āĻ•েāύ, āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻ•āϰা āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāĻ­াāĻŦে āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϏূāϚীāϤে āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āĻ•āϝ়েāĻ• āĻĻāĻĢাāϝ় āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝāϤাāϞিāĻ•াāĻ—āϤ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻŦেāύ।  āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āύিāϝ়āĻŽ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে, āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻĻেāϰ āĻ“āϜāύ āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖ āĻĒāϰিāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāύাāĻ—ুāϞি 10 āĻŦāĻ›āϰেāϰ āĻĻিāĻ•ে āϝāĻĨেāώ্āϟ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।



 āĻĒāϰিāĻĒূāϰāĻ• āĻ­āϰ্āϤিāϰ āĻ…āύুāĻŽাāύেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āĻŦিāώāϝ়āĻ—ুāϞি āĻāĻŽāύ āĻĒāϰিāĻŽাāĻŖে āφāĻŦāĻĻ্āϧ āϝে āĻ•āϝ়েāĻ•āϜāύ āύিāϰ্āĻŽাāϤা āĻ›āĻĻ্āĻŽāĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āϏ্āĻŦ-āĻŦিāĻļāĻĻ āĻŦিāĻŦāϰāĻŖেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āχāĻ™্āĻ—িāϤ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ।



 āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒেāϰ āĻ…ংāĻļ



 āϜাāϤীāϝ় āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āĻ“ āĻĒুāώ্āϟি āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা āϏāĻŽীāĻ•্āώা (NHANESTrusted Source) āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĒৃāĻĨāĻ• āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āϟেāύে āφāύāϤে āĻāχ āĻŦিāώāϝ়āĻ—ুāϞি āĻ—āĻ­ীāϰāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ• āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤāĻ•ে āωāϏ্āĻ•ে āĻĻিāϝ়েāĻ›ে, āϝা āĻĄাāϝ়েāϰি PLOS OneTrusted Source- āĻ āĻĻেāĻ–াāύো āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›ে।



 āĻāύāĻāχāϚāĻāĻāύāχāĻāϏ, āϝা 1960 āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻļāĻ•ে āĻļুāϰু āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ, "āĻŽাāϰ্āĻ•িāύ āϝুāĻ•্āϤāϰাāώ্āϟ্āϰে āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĒ্āϤāĻŦāϝ়āϏ্āĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻŦং āϤāϰুāĻŖāĻĻেāϰ āϏুāϏ্āĻĨāϤা āĻāĻŦং āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝāϤাāϞিāĻ•াāĻ—āϤ āĻ…āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨা āϜāϰিāĻĒ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝে āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞিāϤ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻŖা āĻĒ্āϰোāĻ—্āϰাāĻŽ।"  āĻŦিāĻļেāώāϜ্āĻžāϰা āĻŽাāϰ্āĻ•িāύ āϝুāĻ•্āϤāϰাāώ্āϟ্āϰে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āϏুāϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝেāϰ āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞāύাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āφāĻŦিāώ্āĻ•াāϰāĻ—ুāϞি āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰেāύ



 āĻāύāĻāχāϚāĻāĻāύāχāĻāϏ-āĻāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻ­াāĻŖ্āĻĄাāϰেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ…āĻĒāϰিāĻšাāϰ্āϝ āĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ āĻšāϞ ⧍-āϘāĻŖ্āϟাāϰ āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝāϤাāϞিāĻ•াāĻ—āϤ āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāϞোāϚāύা āϏাāĻ•্āώাā§ŽāĻ•াāϰ।  āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻ•āϰা āĻāχ āĻĄেāϟা āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰে āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāϰ āĻ­āϰ্āϤি āĻ—āĻŖāύা āĻ•āϰে।



 āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ• āĻ•াāĻ—āϜেāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻŽাāϤাāϰা āϝুāĻ•্āϤি āĻĻেāύ āϝে "āĻ•্āϝাāϞোāϰি āĻ­āϰ্āϤিāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝাāϰ āύিāĻĻāϰ্āĻļāύāĻ—ুāϞি āĻŽূāϞ্āϝাāϝ়āύ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা āĻāĻŦং āĻŽাāϰ্āĻ•িāύ āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻĒুāύāϰ্āϜাāĻ—āϰāĻŖ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻ•āĻŽ āĻ•াāϰ্āĻŦāϏ āϏুāϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝেāϰ āϏংāϝোāĻ— āĻ–াāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāϝোāϜ্āϝ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāĻŦেāĻ•্āώāĻŖāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āϜāύāϏāĻŽ্āĻŽāϤ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨা āϤৈāϰি āĻ•āϰাāϰ āĻ•্āώāĻŽāϤা āĻ…āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ্āϝāĻ­াāĻŦে āϏীāĻŽাāĻŦāĻĻ্āϧ।"



 āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŽূāϞ্āϝাāϝ়āύ āĻ…ংāĻļে, āϞিāĻĄ āĻ•্āϰিāϝ়েāϟāϰ āĻāĻĄāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ্āĻĄ āφāϰ্āϚাāϰ āϏāĻšāϜেāχ āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āĻ•āϰে āĻŦāϞেāύ āϝে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻŖাāĻĒāϤ্āϰāϟি "āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ় 40 āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āĻāĻŦং āĻŽাāϰ্āĻ•িāύ āĻĄāϞাāϰেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦিāĻļাāϞ āϏংāĻ–্āϝāĻ• āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻĒুāύāϰ্āĻŦিāĻŦেāϚāύাāϰ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻĻুgāĻ–āϜāύāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ…āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāĻĒ্āϤ āĻ›িāϞ।  , āĻāχ āĻĢāϞাāĻĢāϞāĻ—ুāϞি āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ। "



 āĻāĻ–াāύে, āφāĻŽāϰা āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒেāϰ āĻĻুāχ āĻĒāĻ•্āώেāϰ āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āĻĒূāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰি: PLOS āĻāĻ• āĻ•াāĻ—āϜ āĻŦāϞে āϝে āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ• āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাāϝ়āύ "āĻĻ্āϝ āĻ•োāĻ•া-āĻ•োāϞা āĻ•োāĻŽ্āĻĒাāύিāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏীāĻŽাāĻšীāύ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāϰ āĻĒুāϰāϏ্āĻ•াāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻĻেāĻ“āϝ়া āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ।"



 āύি subsidāϏāύ্āĻĻেāĻšে āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒেāϰ āĻ­āϰ্āϤুāĻ•ি āĻĻেāĻ“āϝ়া āĻ…āϧ্āϝāϝ়āύেāϰ āφāĻŦিāώ্āĻ•াāϰāĻ—ুāϞিāĻ•ে āĻŦাāϤিāϞ āĻ•āϰে āύা, āϤāĻŦুāĻ“ āĻāϟি āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻāχ āϚিāύ্āϤা āĻ•āϰāϤে āωāϤ্āϏাāĻšিāϤ āĻ•āϰে āϝে āĻāχ āϧāϰāύেāϰ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāĻĻাāϤা āĻ•ী āĻ…āϰ্āϜāύ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।  āĻāχ āĻĒāϰিāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ, āĻŽিāώ্āϟি āĻĒাāύীāϝ় āωāϤ্āĻĒাāĻĻāύāĻ•াāϰী āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏংāϏ্āĻĨা āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāϝ় āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻĻেāϰ āφāϏ্āĻĨা āĻ…āϏ্āĻĨিāϤিāĻļীāϞ āĻ•āϰে āϞাāĻ­ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āϝা āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āφāχāϟেāĻŽāĻ—ুāϞিāĻ•ে āĻ…āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻŦāϞে āĻŽāύে āĻ•āϰে।



 āĻšāϝ়āϤো āĻāχ āĻŽāĻĄেāϞāϟি āĻ•িāĻ›ুāϟা āĻ…āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ­াāĻŦিāĻ•;  āφāϰো āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāĻ­াāĻŦে, āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻ—āϤ āĻ…ংāĻļীāĻĻাāϰী āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ āĻāĻŽāύ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϚিāύ্āϤাāϧাāϰাāĻ•ে āϏāĻŽāϰ্āĻĨāύ āĻ•āϰāĻŦে āϝা āĻāĻ•āϟি āφāχāϟেāĻŽেāϰ āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āĻĻেāĻ–াāϝ়।



 āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāϏ্āĻŦāϰূāĻĒ, āĻ•্āϝাāϞিāĻĢোāϰ্āύিāϝ়া āφāĻ–āϰোāϟ āĻ•āĻŽিāĻļāύ āϧাāϰাāĻŦাāĻšিāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āϰিāϏাāϰ্āϚ āϰিāϏাāϰ্āϚ āϟ্āϰাāϏ্āϟেāĻĄ āϏোāϰ্āϏ āϝুāĻ•্āϤি āϝে āĻĒেāĻ•াāύ āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āωāĻĒāĻ•াāϰী।  āĻŽাāĻাāĻŽাāĻি āϏāĻŽāϝ়ে, āχāωāĻāϏ āĻšাāχāĻŦুāĻļ āĻŦ্āϞুāĻŦেāϰি āĻ•াāωāύ্āϏিāϞ āĻ•āϰ্āϤৃāĻ• āĻ…āύুāĻŽোāĻĻিāϤ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤ āφāύāύ্āĻĻেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϤাāϰ āϤাāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦিāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦāϞেāĻ›ে:



 "[I] āϟি āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āϏāĻŽ্āĻŽāϤ āĻšāϝ় āϝে āϏুāϏ্āĻŦাāĻĻু, āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤুāϤ āĻŦ্āϞুāĻŦেāϰিāϰ āĻŽাāύāϏāĻŽ্āĻŽāϤ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤাāĻŦিāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।"



 āĻāχ āĻĨিāĻŽেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ…āϤিāϰিāĻ•্āϤ āϜāύ্āϝ, āϚিāύি āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏা āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āύিāĻŦāύ্āϧāϟি āĻĒāĻĄ়ুāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻāϟি āĻ•ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻāϰ āϏāĻŽāϰ্āĻĨāύে āϝৌāĻ•্āϤিāĻ• āφāϞোāϚāύা āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে।



 āϜোāϰ āĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻŦāϞāϤে āĻ—েāϞে, āϝāĻĻি āĻ•োāύāĻ“ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒেāϰ āĻ­āϰ্āϤুāĻ•ি āĻĒাāϝ়, āϤāĻŦে āĻāϰ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āĻāχ āύāϝ় āϝে āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻĻেāϰ āφāĻŦিāώ্āĻ•াāϰāĻ—ুāϞিāĻ•ে āĻ…āϜুāĻšাāϤ āĻĻেāĻ–াāύো āωāϚিāϤ।  āϝাāχ āĻšোāĻ• āύা āĻ•েāύ, āĻāϟি āϚিāύ্āϤাāĻ•ে āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝ āĻĻেāĻ“āϝ়া āωāϚিāϤ।



 āĻĄাāϝ়েāϰি āĻĒিāĻāϞāĻ“āĻāϏ āĻŽেāĻĄিāϏিāύেāϰ āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāϝ় āϏোāĻĄা, āϚেঁāϚাāύো āĻāĻŦং āĻĻুāϧেāϰ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ে āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤেāϰ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒেāϰ āĻ­āϰ্āϤুāĻ•িāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ।



 āϞেāĻ–āĻ•āϰা āĻļেāώ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ, "āĻ­āϰāĻŖāĻĒোāώāĻŖ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•িāϤ āϝৌāĻ•্āϤিāĻ• āύিāĻŦāύ্āϧāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ āĻ­āϰ্āϤুāĻ•ি āĻĒৃāώ্āĻ āĻĒোāώāĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āφāχāϟেāĻŽāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻুঁāĻ•িāϰ āĻ…āĻŦāϏাāύ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে, āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­āĻŦāϤ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āϏুāϏ্āĻĨāϤাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϏāĻŽাāϞোāϚāύাāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦ āĻĢেāϞāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।"



 āĻŦিāĻļৃāĻ™্āĻ–āϞা āϝোāĻ— āĻ•āϰাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ, āϏংāĻŦাāĻĻ āϏূāϤ্āϰāĻ—ুāϞি āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻāχ āφāĻŦিāώ্āĻ•াāϰāĻ—ুāϞিāĻ•ে āφāϰāĻ“ āϤীāĻŦ্āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻŦে।  āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāϏ্āĻŦāϰূāĻĒ, āϚāĻ•āϞেāϟ āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤুāϤāĻ•াāϰāĻ•েāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাāϝ়িāϤ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা āϚāĻ•āϞেāϟ āϜীāĻŦāύ āĻŦাāĻĄ়াāύোāϰ āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ, āϏংāĻŦাāĻĻ āϏূāϤ্āϰ āύিāϰ্āĻ­āϰāϝোāĻ—্āϝāĻ­াāĻŦে āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤ āĻĒুāύāϰাāĻŦৃāϤ্āϤি āĻ•āϰāĻŦে, āϘāύ āϘāύ āĻĢাāύ্āĻĄাāϰāĻĻেāϰ āύোāϟিāĻļ āĻŦা āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤেāϰ āϏীāĻŽাāĻŦāĻĻ্āϧāϤাāϰ āĻ•āĻĨোāĻĒāĻ•āĻĨāύ āĻ›াāĻĄ়াāχ।



 āϜāϟিāϞāϤাāϝ় āĻাঁāĻĒিāϝ়ে āĻĒāĻĄ়āĻ›ে



 āφāϰেāĻ•āϟি āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āϝা āĻĒুāώ্āϟি āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻŖাāĻ•ে āϝāύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖা āĻĻেāϝ় āĻŦāϞে āĻŽāύে āĻšāϝ় āϤা āĻšāϞ āϜāϟিāϞāϤা।  āĻ•িāĻ›ু āϏāĻŽāϝ়, āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা āĻļুāϧুāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏুāϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝ āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āĻŦা āϝৌāĻ—েāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦāĻ•ে āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏুāϏ্āĻĨāϤাāϰ āĻĢāϞাāĻĢāϞে āĻļূāύ্āϝ āĻ•āϰে āĻĻেāĻŦে।  āĻāϟি āϤāĻĻাāϰāĻ•ি āĻ•āϰা āĻ•িāĻ›ুāϟা āϏāĻšāϜ।



 āύিāϝ়āĻŽিāϤ, āϤা āϏāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦেāĻ“, āĻ…āϧ্āϝāϝ়āύāĻ—ুāϞি āĻāĻ•āϟি āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āϟ āĻ–াāĻ“āϝ়াāϰ āϰুāϟিāύেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦ āύিāϝ়ে āĻ—āĻŦেāώāĻŖা āĻ•āϰাāϰ āϚেāώ্āϟা āĻ•āϰāĻŦে।  āĻ­ূāĻŽāϧ্āϝāϏাāĻ—āϰীāϝ় āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝাāĻ­্āϝাāϏ, āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāϏ্āĻŦāϰূāĻĒ, āϚāϞāĻŽাāύ āĻŦāĻ›āϰāĻ—ুāϞিāϤে āĻĒ্āϰāϚুāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŽাāĻŖে āĻŦিāĻŦেāϚāύা āĻ…āϰ্āϜāύ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে।



 āĻāĻ–াāύে āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻšāϞ āϝে āĻ­ূāĻŽāϧ্āϝāϏাāĻ—āϰীāϝ় āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝাāĻ­্āϝাāϏেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāϰ āϰূāĻĒ āĻ…āύ্āϝ āĻ•াāϰো āϰেāύ্āĻĄিāĻļāύ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।  āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāϏ্āĻŦāϰূāĻĒ, āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻিāύ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ›োāϟ āĻ—্āϞাāϏ āϰেāĻĄ āĻ“āϝ়াāχāύ, 25 āϟি āϜāϞāĻĒাāχ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ•āϟি āφāϰ্āϟিāϚোāĻ• āĻĨাāĻ•āϤে āĻĒাāϰে, āĻ…āύ্āϝ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ - āϝিāύি āĻāĻ•āχ āϧāϰāύেāϰ āϤāĻĻāύ্āϤেāϰ āϏāĻŽাāĻŦেāĻļে āĻĨাāĻ•āϤে āĻĒাāϰেāύ - āĻšāϝ়āϤো āĻŽāĻĻ āĻĒাāύ āĻ•āϰāĻŦেāύ āύা āĻāĻŦং āϜāϞāĻĒাāχ āĻŦা āφāϰ্āϟিāϚোāĻ• āĻ–াāĻŦেāύ āύা।



 āĻāĻ•āϟি āϏংāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻšāϞ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύেāϰ: āϝāĻĻি āĻ•েāω āĻŽাংāϏ āύা āĻ–াāϝ়, āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāϏ্āĻŦāϰূāĻĒ, āϤাāϰা āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­āĻŦāϤ āĻĒ্āϰোāϟিāύেāϰ āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏ, āϝেāĻŽāύ āĻŽāϟāϰāĻļুāϟি āĻŦা āĻšাāϰ্āϟāĻŦিāϟ āϏāĻš āĻŽাংāϏ āϏāϰāĻŦāϰাāĻš āĻ•āϰāϤে āϝাāϚ্āĻ›ে।  āĻāχāĻ­াāĻŦে, āϝāĻ–āύ āĻŽাংāϏ āϧাāϰāĻŖāĻ•াāϰী āĻāĻŦং āϝেāĻ—ুāϞি āύেāχ āĻāĻŽāύ āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝাāĻ­্āϝাāϏেāϰ āĻŦিāĻĒāϰীāϤে, āĻ•োāύ āϏুāϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦ āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­āĻŦāϤ āĻŽাংāϏেāϰ āĻ…āύুāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিāϰ āĻ•াāϰāĻŖে āĻšāĻŦে āύা āϤāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝ āϜাāϤেāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্āϰāϏাāϰāĻŖ।



 āĻŽাāϟিāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϟি āϧāϰāĻŖেāϰ āĻĒāĻŖ্āϝāĻ—ুāϞিāϤে āĻĒ্āϰāϚুāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŽাāĻŖে āĻŽিāĻļ্āϰāĻŖ āϰāϝ়েāĻ›ে āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ—ুāϞিāϰ āϏাāϜাāύো āĻāĻŦং āĻĒāϰিāĻŽাāĻĒ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦিāĻ•াāĻļ āĻ•োāĻĨাāϝ়, āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāϰা āĻ•ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāĻšāύ āĻāĻŦং āϏāĻž্āϚāϝ় āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻ•ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āϤাāϰা āϚāĻ•্āϰ āϚাāϞাāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āϰাāύ্āύা āĻ•āϰে āϤা āύিāϰ্āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰে।



 āĻāĻŽāύ āĻ…āϏংāĻ–্āϝ āĻŦিāώāϝ় āĻŦিāĻŦেāϚāύা āĻ•āϰাāϰ āφāĻ›ে āϝে, āϝেāĻ•োāύো āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে, āϝāĻ–āύ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা āϏāϤ্āϝিāĻ•াāϰেāϰ āϏāĻŽাāϞোāϚāύাāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āĻĢāϞাāĻĢāϞ āφāĻŦিāώ্āĻ•াāϰ āĻ•āϰে, āϤāĻ–āύ āĻāϟা āĻ িāĻ• āĻ•āϰা āĻ•āĻ িāύ āϝে āĻāϟি āĻ–াāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āϝাāϚাāχ -āĻŦাāĻ›াāχ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻāϏেāĻ›ে āĻ•িāύা।



 āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟāϤāχ, āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻāĻ•āχāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝেāϰ āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāϰেāϰ āĻŽāϤোāχ āĻ­িāύ্āύ āϝা āϤাāϰা āĻ—্āϰাāϏ āĻ•āϰে।  āĻāĻ•āϟি āύি nutāϏāĻ™্āĻ— āĻŦাāĻĻাāĻŽ āĻ–াāĻ“āϝ়া āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻ•ে āϞাāĻ­āϜāύāĻ• āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰāĻ• āϏāϰāĻŦāϰাāĻš āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে, āϝāĻ–āύ āϏেāχ āϏāĻŽাāύ āĻŦাāĻĻাāĻŽ āĻ…āϤি āϏংāĻŦেāĻĻāύāĻļীāϞāϤাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ•াāϰো āϜāύ্āϝ āĻŽাāϰাāϤ্āĻŽāĻ• āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।

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